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Number 3 [|www.google.com] [|www.youtube.com] [|www.yahoo.com] [|www.biography.com] =Jesse Jackson= [|www.google.com/jessejackson] [|www.googleimages.com/jessejackson] media type="youtube" key="Af0piTceE2o" width="425" height="350"[|www.youtube.com/jessejackson] Jesse Jackson was born on October 8,1941 in Greenville, South Carolina. Jesse was born to Helen Burns. Jesse was born with the name Jesse Louis Burns and his mother was just 16 when she had him. His father was already married to another woman when he was born. Jesse went to Sterling High School, a segragated high school in Greenville, where he was an outstanding student athlete. In 1959 he rejected a contract from a professional baseball team so that he could attend the racially integrated University of Illinois on a football scholarship. Jesse left Illinois at the end of his second semester after being placed on academic probation. Jesse went to the Chicago Theological Seminary with the intent of becoming a minister, but dropped out in 1966 because he wanted to focus full-time on the civil rights movement. In 1965, Jesse participated in the Selma to Montgomery marches which were organized by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and other civil rights leaders in Alabama. In 1966, Martin Luther King selected Jackson to be head of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference's Operation Breadbasket in Chicago, and promoted him to be the national director in 1967. In 1968, Jesse increasingly clashed with Ralph Abernathy, Martin Luther King's successor as head of the national Southern Christian Leadership Conference. In December, 1971, they had a complete falling out. In 1984, Jesse organized the Rainbow Coalition, which later merged, in 1996, with Operation PUSH. The newly formed Rainbow PUSH organization brought the reverend's role as an important and effective organizer to the mainstream. Al Sharpton also left the SCLC in protest to follow Jackson and formed the National Youth Movement. In 1984, Jesse became the second African American to mount a nationwide campaign for President of the United States, running as a Democrat. Jesse garnered 3,282,431 primary votes, or 18.2 percent of the total, in 1984, and won five primaries and caucuses, including Louisiana, the District of Columbia, South Carolina, Virginia and one of two separate contests in Mississippi. He had gained 21% of the popular vote but only 8% of delegates, he afterwards complained that he had been handicapped by party rules. Four years later, in 1988, Jesse once again offered himself as a candidate for the Democratic Party presidential nomination. This time, his successes in the past made him a more credible candidate, and he was both better financed and better organized. In early 1988, Jesse organized a rally at the former American Motors assembly plant in Kenosha, Wisconsin, two weeks after new owner Chrysler announced it would close the plant by the end of the year. In his speech, Jesse spoke out against Chrysler's decision, stating "We have to put the focus on Kenosha, Wisconsin, as the place, here and now, where we draw the line to end economic violence!" and compared the workers' fight to that of the civil rights movement in Selma, Alabama. Jesse gathered information and support to investigate the 2004 U.S. presidential election controversy, particularly the voting results in Ohio and its recount. On January 6, 2005, the U.S. House Judiciary Committee Democrat staff released a 100 page report on the Ohio election. This challenge to the Ohio election was rejected by a vote of 74-1 by the United States Senate and 267-31 in the House.Many high-ranking Democrats chose to distance themselves from this debate, including John Kerry, despite Jesse Jackson personally asking Kerry for help. The call for election reform legislation and voting rights protection nonetheless continued from various citizen groups. In 2005, Jesse was enlisted as part of the United Kingdom's"Operation Black Vote", a campaign to encourage more of Britain's ethnic minorities to vote in political elections ahead of the May 2005 General Election. Also in early 2005, Jesse visited the parents of Terri Schiavo and their supporters; he supported their unsuccessful bid to keep the disabled Florida woman alive. In March 2006, Crystal Gail Mangum had accused three men of the Duke University Men's Lacrosse team of raping her. Jesse had agreed to pay the rest of her college tuition regardless of the outcome of the case. The case against the Duke Lacrosse team was later thrown out after all charges were dropped against the three lacrosse players.